Here are 20 multiple-choice questions (MCQs) with answers related to the fundamentals of nursing:
- Question: Which of the following is not a basic principle of nursing care?
- A) Autonomy
- B) Beneficence
- C) Nonmaleficence
- D) Coercion
- Answer: D) Coercion
2.Question: The nursing process involves which of the following steps?
- A) Assessment, planning, implementation, evaluation
- B) Assessment, diagnosis, treatment, evaluation
- C) Assessment, diagnosis, planning, evaluation
- D) Assessment, diagnosis, implementation, evaluation
- Answer: A) Assessment, planning, implementation, evaluation
- Question: Which of the following is not a component of a nursing care plan?
- A) Goals and outcomes
- B) Nursing diagnosis
- C) Medication list
- D) Interventions
- Answer: C) Medication list
- Question: What is the purpose of a nursing assessment?
- A) To diagnose medical conditions
- B) To identify nursing diagnoses
- C) To plan medical treatments
- D) To evaluate nursing care
- Answer: B) To identify nursing diagnoses
- Question: Which of the following is a part of the evaluation phase of the nursing process?
- A) Administering medications
- B) Setting goals
- C) Reassessing the patient
- D) Developing a care plan
- Answer: C) Reassessing the patient
- Question: The nurse is caring for a patient with impaired mobility. Which intervention is appropriate?
- A) Encourage the patient to stay in bed to rest
- B) Assist the patient with range-of-motion exercises
- C) Avoid repositioning the patient to prevent discomfort
- D) Limit the patient’s fluid intake to reduce the need for bathroom trips
- Answer: B) Assist the patient with range-of-motion exercises
- Question: A patient is at risk for pressure ulcers. Which intervention is appropriate for preventing pressure ulcers?
- A) Keeping the skin moist at all times
- B) Massaging bony prominences
- C) Repositioning the patient regularly
- D) Applying heat to areas at risk
- Answer: C) Repositioning the patient regularly
- Question: Which of the following is a characteristic of a nursing diagnosis?
- A) It is made by a physician
- B) It is a clinical judgment about an individual, family, or community response to actual or potential health problems
- C) It requires a medical diagnosis
- D) It is static and does not change over time
- Answer: B) It is a clinical judgment about an individual, family, or community response to actual or potential health problems
- Question: Which of the following is a priority when providing patient education?
- A) Providing information only once
- B) Using medical terminology to enhance understanding
- C) Tailoring education to the patient’s learning needs
- D) Providing information quickly to save time
- Answer: C) Tailoring education to the patient’s learning needs
- Question: The nurse is caring for a patient with impaired cognition. Which intervention is appropriate?
- A) Avoiding the use of familiar objects
- B) Speaking loudly to ensure the patient can hear
- C) Using simple, concrete language
- D) Leaving the patient alone to avoid overstimulation
- Answer: C) Using simple, concrete language
- Question: The nurse is preparing to administer medication to a patient. What is the first step in the medication administration process?
- A) Double-checking the medication label
- B) Verifying the patient’s identity
- C) Explaining the medication to the patient
- D) Documenting the medication administration
- Answer: B) Verifying the patient’s identity
- Question: A patient is experiencing pain. Which action should the nurse take first?
- A) Administering pain medication
- B) Assessing the pain intensity
- C) Asking the patient to rate the pain on a scale of 1 to 10
- D) Documenting the pain assessment
- Answer: B) Assessing the pain intensity
- Question: When performing hand hygiene, which action is correct?
- A) Using hand sanitizer when hands are visibly soiled
- B) Rinsing hands with water only
- C) Using a paper towel to turn off the faucet
- D) Washing hands for at least 5 seconds
- Answer: C) Using a paper towel to turn off the faucet
- Question: Which of the following is a common side effect of immobility?
- A) Increased muscle strength
- B) Improved circulation
- C) Pressure ulcers
- D) Decreased risk of falls
- Answer: C) Pressure ulcers
- Question: The nurse is caring for a patient with impaired skin integrity. Which intervention is appropriate?
- A) Applying heat to the affected area
- B) Massaging the area to promote circulation
- C) Keeping the area clean and dry
- D) Applying adhesive tape directly to the skin
- Answer: C) Keeping the area clean and dry
- Question: Which of the following is a characteristic of a therapeutic nurse-patient relationship?
- A) The nurse avoids discussing personal experiences
- B) The focus is solely on the patient’s physical health
- C) The relationship is brief and task-oriented
- D) The nurse maintains professional boundaries
- Answer: D) The nurse maintains professional boundaries
- Question: The nurse is caring for a patient with impaired mobility. Which intervention is appropriate for preventing contractures?
- A) Encouraging the patient to remain in a seated position
- B) Applying splints to keep joints in a fixed position
- C) Encouraging active range-of-motion exercises
- D) Limiting the patient’s fluid intake
- Answer: C) Encouraging active range-of-motion exercises
- Question: A patient is at risk for falls. Which intervention is appropriate for fall prevention?
- A) Keeping the patient’s room dark
- B) Encouraging the use of sedatives
- C) Using a bed alarm
- D) Encouraging the patient to hurry to the bathroom
- Answer: C) Using a bed alarm
- Question: The nurse is caring for a patient with impaired communication. Which intervention is appropriate?
- A) Speaking loudly to ensure the patient can hear
- B) Using complex medical terminology
- C) Using alternative communication methods
- D) Avoiding the use of gestures
- Answer: C) Using alternative communication methods